| 我国地浸采铀地下水修复若干问题的思考 |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-09 修订日期：2023-05-25 点此下载全文 |
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| 基金项目:地浸铀矿山终采区地下水修复技术研究(中核科发〔2021〕144号) |
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| 中文摘要:地浸采铀是我国天然铀生产的主要工艺。生产过程中向含矿含水层中注入了一定量的化学试剂，矿床终采后的残余溶液不可避免的会对地下水造成污染，存在环境隐患，地浸终采后必须开展地下水修复。针对地浸采铀地下水修复存在的若干问题，系统总结了我国地浸采铀矿山终采区地下水源项特征，比较了酸法地浸和中性地浸地下水污染物的种类和水平，调研了国外地浸矿山地下水修复目标值，提出了我国地浸采铀地下水修复目标值的确定方法，探讨了地浸采铀地下水修复主流工艺的优缺点及应用情况，总结了国外地浸矿山地下水修复周期，讨论了地浸采铀地下水修复的时机。基于地浸采铀地下水修复涉及的问题提出了见解，指出了未来的研究方向，旨在为我国地浸地下水修复技术研究和政策制定提供参考。 |
| 中文关键词:地浸采铀 地下水 天然铀 地下水修复 环境治理 |
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| Thoughts About the Groundwater Restoration of In-situ Leaching Uranium Mining in China |
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| Abstract:In-situ leaching is the main technologies for natural uranium production in China, during which some chemical reagents are injected into ore-bearing aquifers. The residual leaching solution after mining of the ore deposit will inevitably pollute the groundwater, causing environmental risks. Therefore, groundwater restoration is necessary. Considering the existing problems in groundwater restoration of in-situ leaching uranium mining, this paper systematically summarized the groundwater features at decommissioned well field of in-situ leaching uranium mining, compared the distribution and concentrations of groundwater pollutants between acid leaching and neutral leaching, investigated the method for determining groundwater restoration target value and proposed a corresponding method for in-situ leaching mining in China. Moreover, the authors discussed the advantages, disadvantages and application of groundwater restoration technologies of in-situ leaching mining worldwide; and elaborated the direction of groundwater restoration technology basing on the characteristics of in-situ leaching uranium mining in China. Furthermore, the periods of groundwater restoration were summarized; and the timing of groundwater restoration of in-situ leaching uranium mining was also presented. The insights on groundwater restoration issues in this paper suggested further research direction, aiming at providing reference for restoration technology research and policy developing for groundwater restoration of in-situ leaching uranium mining in China. |
| keywords:in-situ leaching uranium mining groundwater natural uranium groundwater restoration nvironmental governance |
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